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ADHD and Anxiety Medication Anxiety disorders are often co-occurring with ADHD. Anxiety can cause restlessness irritability and trouble sleeping. The use of stimulants can ease symptoms, but it may also cause side-effects like tics or small growth reductions in children and adolescents. Many people also experience their anxiety rises when they take stimulant medications. Stimulants The use of stimulants is to treat ADHD and Narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. You can find them in the form of capsules, tablets or chunky crystals. They are also available as a brown or white dust. The use of large doses of stimulants can result in over-stimulation, anxiety panic attacks, stomach cramps or paranoia. Long-term use of stimulants may cause addiction and serious side effects like heart problems, high blood pressure and stroke. They have also been proven to alleviate anxiety symptoms. They work by increasing the amount of brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine which are typically lower in people with ADHD. This increases the activity and communication between the various parts of the brain that control attention and executive functions. This results in improved impulse control, and anxiety symptoms diminish. Both atomoxetine (as well as methylphenidate) reduce anxiety symptoms among adults with ADHD who also have anxiety disorders. Both treatments showed improvement in anxiety symptoms as early as the 4th week of treatment. The effect lasted for 8 weeks. It is important to note that the type medication that is most effective in treating anxiety and ADHD symptoms co-occurring may depend on which condition has the greatest impact on the quality of life of an individual. For example, an individual might be prone to frequent worry-inducing mini-crises on a regular basis when they have to schedule appointments or to stay on top of projects for work or school. These are stressful and cause anxiety more often than symptoms of panic attacks or anxiety. In these instances the antidepressants, or SSRIs are the best choice to treat anxiety-related symptoms. These medications have been proven effective at decreasing anxiety levels in adults. These are usually taken orally and may take a little longer to take effect, but the most popular options are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Sertraline and Fluoxetine, and serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as venlafaxine and duloxetine. These can be taken alongside cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety, and are particularly useful if the patient experiences an elevated heart rate or blood pressure. SSRIs SSRIs are antidepressants, are often used to treat anxiety disorders. Prozac is the drug that was developed as the prototype of this class is fluoxetine. The SSRIs are also effective in treating depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic disorder. These drugs are more versatile and have less adverse effects than previous generations of antidepressants. The SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin at synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter inside the synapse and to signal the post synaptic cell more frequently than would be the case otherwise. This can increase norepinephrine output which may reduce anxiety symptoms. This can also increase levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP) which can stimulate the synthesis of proteins. They also decrease the amount of impulsivity and hyperactivity. They also can improve sleep quality and reduce agitation in some people suffering from ADHD. However, these drugs can, increase the risk of suicidal behaviour and thoughts among some people. They may also cause an increase in appetite and weight gain, particularly when they are first started. Another type of antidepressant known as SNRIs, functions differently than SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake of serotonin as well as norepinephrine. Similar to SSRIs they may affect anxiety, but they also improve the functioning of the heart muscle and blood vessels, which can reduce anxiety and stress. They also can improve the mood of some people suffering from bipolar disorder. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most common SNRIs. The SNRIs can increase blood pressure in certain individuals therefore they should not be taken by those suffering from high blood pressure or heart disease. In addition to medication in addition, there are a variety of behavioral treatments that can help with anxiety and ADHD. Mindfulness techniques can be helpful in reducing stress and anxiety, as can practicing yoga and meditation. Some people find that tapping specific body points, or Emotional Freedom techniques can help lower cortisol levels which is the hormone responsible for anxiety. Diet and exercise can also help reduce anxiety. Your doctor may suggest that you eat whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and avoid sugar, since it can cause anxiety in certain ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant-based medications Although stimulants are highly effective in treating ADHD and have been extensively researched but they are not the best option for those who suffer from anxiety and ADHD. The stimulant drugs can cause side effects like jitteriness, rapid heart rate and nervousness that could resemble or exacerbate anxiety symptoms. Since 2002, non-stimulant medicines have been used for ADHD (under the brand name Strattera). They do not increase heart rate or blood pressure, and they are less likely to have anxiety-related side effects such as shaking, sweating, or nervousness. Atomoxetine targets receptors for norepinephrine, a chemical in the brain. It can aid in improving attention and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. Studies have also shown that it can effectively improve anxiety symptoms in adolescents and children with ADHD. Researchers gathered articles on clinical research from PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO to find out whether atomoxetine helped reduce anxiety in children and adolescents with ADHD. Bupropion is another drug that can ease anxiety symptoms. It is a brain chemical, dopamine. Bupropion is often prescribed to those suffering from ADHD and depression. It can also boost mood and reduce symptoms of anxiety. It is usually recommended to investigate and treat the root cause of anxiety before treating the ADHD because that will usually help to alleviate anxiety symptoms. It is quite common for kids with ADHD to suffer from anxiety, and in a few cases the anxiety is actually caused by their ADHD symptoms. The most effective treatment for anxiety in these circumstances is usually cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychostimulants. This is because these treatments will target the root of the issue and decrease ADHD symptoms which, in turn, decrease the anxiety. Antidepressants are also often prescribed for those with co-existing ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants that target the brain chemical Serotonin can alleviate anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft Lexapro and Sertraline. Your doctor will ultimately determine which medication is right for you. Before recommending medications for adhd will consider your symptoms, lifestyle and age, in addition to other health issues. It is important to discuss with your doctor about your treatment goals and to stick to a daily routine while taking any medication. Other options Based on your specific health goals, there are other treatment options that may also be helpful for managing ADHD and anxiety. These include mindfulness yoga, meditation yoga, tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques), sleep and nutrition, as well as exercise and healthy eating habits. People who are anxious are more likely to experience symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Dr. Hallowell says, which makes it difficult to treat both conditions at once. He prescribes stimulants to treat ADHD first, then non-stimulant medication like atomoxetine or bupropion for anxiety disorders. They are available 24/7 and are not controlled substances as stimulants.